Dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist with superior weight reduction outcomes vs semaglutide alone.
A synthetic copy of natural GnRH. Pulsatile exposure stimulates the pituitary to release LH and FSH, while continuous exposure downregulates that response — which is why dosing pattern matters more than dose in the literature. Its half-life is only minutes.
Active ingredient in Mounjaro and Zepbound. SURMOUNT-1 trial showed ~22% average body weight loss — significantly higher than semaglutide's ~15%.
The GIP component may contribute to improved tolerability, with some researchers reporting fewer GI side effects than pure GLP-1 agonists. GIP receptors are also expressed in bone and may have additional metabolic effects.